DeHaviland (Canada) Mosquito, Galway, June 1945
Tragedy and Heroism at Ballinduff
by Hayden K Lawford
(This article is an expanded version of
an article prepared by Hayden Lawford and sent to me prior to
his passing away in 2009. Content added by myself is in
blue font)
Shortly after 11 pm on the 28th June 1945, the roar of two
Packard Merlin engines was heard over Galway as a De Havilland
Mosquito FB 26 approached from the north west and headed across
Galway Bay towards Kinvara. Witnesses reported that the aircraft
approached Kinvara at high speed with navigation lights visible,
before turning left and heading north east at low level towards
Oranmore, where it was observed circling overhead the village by
the local Garda a few minutes later. The aircraft then headed
south from Oranmore, and was reported by the Gardai in the
vicinity of Ardrahan at about 23.28 hrs.
The end of the War in Europe had resulted in a surplus of new
military aircraft, and this Mosquito, serial number KA317, was
one of a batch FB 26’s built by DeHavilland (Canada) at
Downsview, Ontario, and was on the first stage of a delivery
flight to the Chinese Nationalist Air Force in Formosa. The
aircraft had taken off from Bluie West One (BW-1), now called
Narsarsuaq, in Greenland, to fly to Prestwick Airport, Scotland,
as part of the North Atlantic Ferry Scheme operated by 45 Group
RAF Transport Command, based at Dorval Airport, Montreal.
On board the aircraft were the pilot, Flight Lieutenant Gordon
Ayton RAF, and the navigator, Flying Officer Hans Raymond
Anderson RCAF. The exact reason for the Mosquito ending up so
far off course is unknown, but the failure of the radio compass
and an inaccurate forecast of en-route winds are a possibility
as a depression was present in the area, the remains of
“Hurricane One” of the 1945 season which had tracked north east
along the north American coastline in to the North Atlantic. The
Flight Forecast issued by the USAF at BW-1 predicted only
moderate winds en-route, with an occluded front lying in
mid-Atlantic. After take-off from BW-1 sometime after 1500Z,
Ayton would have made a rapid climb to 12,000’ before heading
east across the Greenland ice cap before descending to 9,000’ to
pick up a more favourable tailwind. About 450 nm out a further
descent would have been made to 5000’ to stay below the freezing
level while flying through the frontal cloud of the occlusion
which extended for over 500 nm, before climbing back to 9000’
for the final part of the flight. The forecast en-route wind for
this leg of the flight was a light northerly. Weather conditions
in the south Galway area at the time were unsettled, with
variable cloud cover and occasional showers. It is possible that
Anderson had identified their position over Kinvarra and that
Ayton had turned towards Oranmore to look for the local airfield
which was listed as an emergency landing ground, but with very
little to identify it Oranmore Airfield would have been
difficult to locate. Over Oranmore village the Mosquito was seen
by the local Garda to turn south and head away from the village.
It is probable that the fuel state was now becoming critical as
they had been airborne for more than 5 hours, and after passing
Ardrahan, about 10 miles south of Oranmore, Ayton elected to
make an emergency landing in the failing light on the dry
turlough at Ballinduff, about two miles to the south.
Teenage brothers John and Patrick Cunningham, startled by the
sudden noise of Ayton’s aircraft approaching their house at
Coolfin on the north side of the turlough, ran outside just in
time to see the Mosquito flying south at about 100 feet. They
saw it turn left over the Lisatunny and head north towards
Tullira Castle, before making a further left turn to take up a
south westerly approach to the turlough with landing lights
illuminated, and reportedly dropping a flare to light up the
area. Ayton touched down on a level ground, but unseen in the
darkness 40 metres ahead lay a wall built of large rocks running
diagonally across his intended landing run. The Mosquito smashed
through this obstruction and burst in to flames before coming to
rest after a further 60 metres. The impact smashed both
propellers and damaged the fuselage, scattering some of it’s
contents around the area.
The two Cunningham brothers had realised that the Mosquito was
attempting to land on the turlough and they were now only a few
hundred metres away and sprinting towards the crashed aircraft,
arriving at the scene about a minute later. The Mosquito was
burning fiercely, and hearing a scream, John Cunningham
approached the small crew access hatch situated below the
cockpit on the right-hand side of the fuselage where he saw
navigator Hans Anderson hanging half out of the burning
aircraft. He pulled Anderson clear, and the injured airman
rolled a few yards across the grass away from the wreck to
extinguish his burning clothing. John Cunningham now tried to
rescue Gordon Ayton from the left hand side of the Mosquito’s
cockpit. He succeeded in entering the blazing aircraft through
the crew hatch, but was driven back by the smoke and flames and
exited the aircraft choking for breath, to see his brother
Patrick talking to Anderson who told him that the pilot was
still trapped. Patrick went to the nose of the aircraft calling
out “Where are you” and heard Gordon Ayton call out, but he too
was driven back from the aircraft by the intense heat of the
fire. The Cunningham brothers, assisted by a member of the local
LDF, James Fahy, who had now arrived on the scene, made further
attempts to save Gordon Ayton but were driven back by the flames
and heat, and nothing further was heard from the pilot. The men
then helped the seriously injured Anderson to a safe distance
away from the blazing wreck, quenched his clothing which was
still smouldering, and gave him first-aid. Anderson informed
them that he was a Canadian citizen and that there were no
munitions on board the aircraft and requested medical attention.
A crowd of onlookers had now gathered, and by 23.50 hours the
area had been cordoned off by the local LDF under Company Leader
Joyce. Dr Sexton from Ardrahan soon arrived to tend to Anderson,
who was suffering from serious burns and a broken wrist. He was
taken to the safety of a local house to await an Army contingent
from the 1st Infantry Battalion, Renmore Barracks, Galway,
commanded by Major O’Tomanaidhe, which arrived on the scene at
01.45 hrs. This party had been summoned by Comdt. Considine of
the Gort LDF, and included a Medical Officer, Capt. Gaughan, who
arranged for Anderson to be taken by ambulance to St Enda’s
Military Hospital, Galway. Comdt. Considine and Lieut. Leyden of
the LDF then recovered the remains of Gordon Ayton from the
wreckage, and these were removed by ambulance to St Enda’s.
Comdt. Considine, Lieut. Leyden and the LDF contingent then
carried out a search of the immediate area and found some of
Anderson’s personal effects including a watch, cash, keys, a
ring and cigarette case, and also collected a large number of
charts and other documents found in the vicinity of the
wreckage, which they handed over to Major O’Tomanaidhe. It
appears that some of the locals had helped themselves to
articles scattered around the crash site, as the following
evening the Gardai handed over to O’Tomanaidhe several items
including a radio set, Anderson’s wallet containing $55, a
locked kit bag, radio spares, valves and a boat paddle which had
been found in the possession of some locals. The Gardai
immediately began an investigation into this matter.
Next day, 29th June, an RAF officer, Flt. Lieut. Carrig,
accompanied by Comdt. J. Power, Officer I/C G.2 Branch, Western
Command. arrived at the crash site. Carrig classified the
remains of the Mosquito as “useless”, nearly all the main wooden
structure had been consumed by the flames, and all that remained
were the engines and other large metal parts. Comdt. Power
arranged for an Ordinance Officer to set charges to reduce the
wreckage in to manageable pieces for removal. Salvaged material
and documents were handed over to Flt. Lieut. Carrig, and the
remaining wreckage was transported to Renmore Barracks for
disposal. In his official report of the incident, Major
O’Tomanaidhe stated:
“I believe there is great credit due to a civilian (John
Cunningham) who rescued Flying Officer Anderson from the burning
plane regardless of his own personal safety”.
Gordon Ayton’s remains were conveyed to the border at Belleek by
a detachment of the 1st Infantry Battalion under Capt. Ian,
where they were handed over to an RAF contingent with full
military honours.
For more than sixty years the tragic events at Ballinduff
turlough have been largely forgotten, but recently there has
been a sequel to this tragic incident. Following the publication
of Hayden Lawford's book “In
Galway Skies” in 2003 which he
mentioned the crash, Hayden was
contacted from Canada by Peter Steer, a brother in law of Gordon
Ayton, who had read a review of the book
in “Aeroplane Monthly”. Peter Steer was anxious to
discover the location of the crash site and details of the
accident for his family. This resulted in a visit to Galway by
Gordon Ayton’s son-in law, Stephen Steer, in September 2007. They visited the crash site which was
dry at that time of year. Following Stephen’s visit Gordon
Ayton’s son, David, also visited the site with Hayden in February 2008, but
unfortunately at that time of year the turlough is in full flood
and we were unable to walk the site as it was under several feet
of water. David, who was only two years old at the time of his
father’s death, is a private pilot, and also served in the RAF
before emigrating to Canada to work as an aircraft engineer. He
hopes to pay a return to the crash site when the turlough is dry
again.
Hayden's work which he passed on on in
2008 finished with the following words: I believe
that it is now time for a suitable memorial to be erected near
to the site of the crash to commemorate the untimely death of a
brave airman who, after surviving 128 operational missions
during World War II, lost his life in a tragic accident during a
routine ferry flight.
Ballinduff turlough looking southwest along the probable
landing run of Mosquito KA317, September 2007
David Ayton at Ballinduff turlough, February 2008. The site of
his father’s fatal crash landing in June 1944 is in the
background below the tranquil waters of the turlough.
The Pilot: Flight Lieut. Gordon Frederick Ayton, 51167 DFC MiD
Gordon was the son of Frederick and
Gertrude Mary Ayton, of Dereham and husband of Irene
Constance (nee Steer). They had married in 1940. His
brother Wallace Henry Ayton also served in the RAF as a
Wireless Operator/Air Gunner and sadly also was lost with his
crew when Marauder FK155 of 14 Squadron failed to return from
a mission over the Tyrrhenian Sea on 9 May 1943.
Only 26 years old at the time of his death at Ballinduff, Co.
Galway on 28th June 1945, Gordon Ayton, known as “Ginger” to his
colleagues, had served with distinction in the RAF for over 10
years. In 1935 at the age of 15 he passed the entrance
scholarship to the RAF College at Cranwell, where he trained as
a Wireless Operator and Air Gunner. Following the outbreak of
War in 1939 “Ginger” Ayton completed his first operational tour,
consisting of 30 missions over Germany as a wireless operator in
Vickers Wellingtons, before being accepted for pilot training.
After qualifying for his “Wings” Ayton served as a pilot on his
second operational tour with 37 Squadron in support of the North
African campaign during the autumn of 1942, flying Wellingtons
on raids against enemy airfields and shipping during the Allied
advance from El Alamein to Tunis.
Ayton received his commission while serving in Africa, and later
returned to England to convert on to the DH Mosquito. For his
third operational tour he was posted to 151 Squadron during
April 1944, flying Mosquitos on missions over occupied Europe,
including Ranger operations intended to harass the enemy by
attacking random targets of opportunity such as airfields and
railway depots. Ayton damaged and destroyed a number of enemy
aircraft on the ground including a Ju88, Ju188 and two Ju290 at
Mont de Marson airfield. He survived a gear up flapless belly
landing on his base at Predannick, Cornwall after returning from
a raid on a French Power Station when he was attacked by a
German FW190 and hit by anti-aircraft fire which destroyed the
Mosquito’s hydraulic system. 151 Squadron also carried out
attacks on Gestapo buildings in France to relieve the pressure
on the French Resistance, and for his 100th operational sortie
on 9th August 1944, Ayton lead a raid by four Mosquitos on the
Gestapo HQ at Chateau Ferron, at Tonniens on the river Garonne,
25 miles south east of Bordeaux. This was a precision attack
which totally destroyed the multi-story building, severely
disrupting the German administration in the area and thus aiding
the French Resistance. Ayton later described the raid:
“We had quite an uneventful trip to the target, except that when
we crossed the enemy coast two flak ships opened up at us and
some ack-ack batteries had a go. F/O Dines brought us dead
over the objective, which was a grand bit of navigation. I
attacked first. One of my 500lb bombs went straight through the
wall and the other through the roof. We knocked nearly the whole
place down. A shower of bricks and debris went hurtling up in to
the air to about 300 feet. There was not much left for the other
Mosquitos to bomb, but they went in and dropped their bombs in
the middle of the smoke and debris."
On 16th August Ayton and F/O Taylor carried out a night Intruder
sortie to Orly, Bretigny, Melun and Coulommiers airfields. They
arrived over Bretigny at an altitude of 3000 ft where they
spotted an aircraft in the circuit. Interception was difficult,
but they succeeded in positioning behind the enemy aircraft,
which was identified as a Ju 88. Ayton attacked with cannon and
machine gun fire and the tail section broke off the Ju 88 which
entered a vertical dive and exploded on impact with the ground.
Following this raid, Gordon Ayton was awarded the Distinguished
Flying Cross (DFC) – his citation read:
“This officer, who is now on this third operational tour, has
completed a very large number of sorties. During his first tour
of duty he was engaged as a Wireless Operator (Air) on bombing
missions to Germany. Later he became a pilot in the Middle East,
making numerous attacks on airfields, shipping and enemy troops.
During his present tour of duty, Flying Officer Ayton has
delivered a number of effective attacks on enemy airfields in
France, which have resulted in several enemy aircraft being
destroyed on the ground. During his present tour Flying Officer
Ayton has destroyed at least one enemy aircraft in combat and
damaged others.”
By the end of hostilities in Europe on 8th May 1945 Ayton had
completed 128 operational sorties. At the end of his third
operational tour, he transferred to 45 Group RAF Transport
Command at Dorval Airport, Montreal. This unit was staffed
jointly by RAF and RCAF personnel engaged in ferrying Canadian
and U.S. built aircraft across the Atlantic from Canada to the
U.K. Ayton was due promotion to Squadron Leader three weeks
after his untimely death, and would undoubtedly advanced to
higher rank in the RAF had he lived. His remains are interred at
his native village of East Dereham, Norfolk, England
The Navigator: Flying Officer Hans Raymond Anderson CAN/J.38661
Hans was born on 4 October 1922.
His RAF Ferry Command card lists his place of birth as New
Brunswick. His parents were Sigurd and
He enlisted in Winnipeg on the 13 April
1942, and his name appears in a list of Winnipeg men published
in the Winnipeg Tribune as having been recruited during that
week. He was granted leave without pay until 9 June 1942
and then posted to No.3 Manning Depot. Another holding posting
was next to No.12 SFTS for guard duty on 1 August 1942.
He was posted to No.2 ITS on 12 September
1942 and finally to No.2 EFTS on 21 November 1942 to begin
pilot training. It would appear that he was not found to be
suitable as a pilot and ceased that training and was posted to
No.1 Composite Training School in Trenton, Ontario on 15
December 1942.
His wartime trade training continued with
a posting to No.4 Wireless School, Guelph, Ontario on 19 March
1943, this would seem to align with the units ORB mention of
the arrival of Course 65 on the 20 March. Following completion
of that his next posting was No.2 Bombing and Gunnery School,
Mossbank, Sask. on 3 October 1943. He graduated and was
commissioned on 22 November 1943.
Following this he was posted to To "Y"
Depot, Halifax, for embarkation overseas on 6 December 1943
and sailed to the UK. He was taken on strength of No.3
Personnel Reception Centre, Bournemouth on 13 December
1943. It is not known what duty he was assigned to
between December 1943 and September 1944 when he was posted to
No.45 (Air Transport) Group, Dorval on 13 September though the
below details place him in Ferry Operations earlier starting
in late June 1944.
Notwithstanding
postings as given above, crew card shows him as being at
Montreal (Dorval) as of 27 June 1944. Departed
Montreal as crew of Dakota KJ839 on 30 August 1944, arriving
Gander on 31 August 1944; departed Gander 31 August and
arrived Bluie West One that date. At Reykjavik as of 1
September 1944; arrived in UK 4 September 1944.
Returned by boat, Liverpool to Canada (6-13 September
1944). Departed Montreal with Liberator KH212, 21
September 1944, proceeding via Gander, Lagens, Rapat, Cairo
and Khartoum (arriving 28 September 1944). Returned to
New York and Montreal, 1 October 1944 (which suggest return
by air).
His burn injuries
required special treatment and this recorded on the website
of the East Grinstead Museum.
Following treatment for his injuries in
the UK, Han's was repatriated 30 December 1945. To No.8
Repair Depot, 8 January 1946; to No.5 Release Centre. 13
February 1946; retired 15 February 1946.
Han's Ferry Command crew card, which was not maintained after
December 1944, confirms date of birth and states he was
born in New Brunswick. His permanent address was given
as Bird River, Manitoba and his next of kin, his father, was
at the same location.
He gave the Irish Army his address at the
time of the crash as Suite 11, Douglas Block, Corner of
Grahams and O’Donnells, Winnipeg, Canada.
Hans passed away in Winnipeg in December
2002.
The deHavilland Mosquito FB26
The Mosquito FB 26 was based on the British made DeHavilland
Mosquito Mark VI fighter bomber aircraft and was manufactured
under licence by DeHavilland Canada at Downsville, Ontario.
Powered by two Packard Merlin 225 engines, the Mosquito featured
a unique form of ply and balsa wood sandwich construction and
was known as “The Wooden Wonder”. It’s high speed allowed it to
operate unarmed over enemy territory, and it was used as a light
bomber, fighter bomber, night fighter, reconnaissance aircraft
and even for transportation of VIP passengers who were
accommodated in the cramped bomb bay.
Specifications, Mosquito FB Mk 26
Engines: Two Packard Merlin 225 1620 H.P. V-12 piston
engines
Weight: Empty 14,300 lbs., Max Takeoff 22,300 lbs.
Wing Span: 54ft. 2in.
Length: 40ft. 10.75in.
Height: 15ft. 3in.
Performance:
Maximum Speed: 362 mph (Later photo-recon versions could
exceed 425 mph)
Ceiling: 33,000 ft.
Range: 1,650 miles with full bomb load
Armament: Four 20-mm cannon in nose
Four 7.7-mm (0.303-inch) machine guns in nose
2,000 pounds of bombs, or 1,000 pounds of bombs and eight
rockets
Canadian built Mosquito FB 26’s were prepared for ferry flights
across the Atlantic by the addition of a disposable 121 Imperial
Gallon tank constructed of rubberised material housed in the
bomb bay which would have given a total endurance of about 6
hours. It is probable that KA317 was equipped with a bomb bay
tank which exploded on impact with the stone wall
Sequel, as written by Hayden in it is
thought 2008
Last July, accompanied by some fellow enthusiasts, we were able
to locate the debris field and the site of the crash using metal
detectors, and recovered some small fragments from one of the
Packard Merlin engines of KA317. David Ayton visited again
from Canada in early October 2008, but unfortunately the
turlough had flooded again after the extremely wet summer, but I
was able to give him some of the small items recovered from the
crash site. He hopes to return again during 2009 when the
turlough is dry.
Because this crash occured after the
cessation of hostilities in Europe and the relaxation of
censorship of the Irish media, one can find a number of
mentions of the crash in Irish newspapers unlike most such
crashes since early 1942. Most stories published at the
time mistakenly assumed that Gordon Ayton was a member of the
Canadian forces, when he was actually a Royal Air Force
officer.
Both the Connaught Sentinel and Connaught Tribune carried similar stories on the 3rd and 7th of July 1945:
GALWAY PLANE CRASH
Pilot Officer Killed
THE roar of aeroplane engines stopped over Labane about
11.15 p.m. on Thursday, and a sheet of flame lit the
sky as a twin engined Mosquito aircraft burst
into flames and crashed, a heap of wreckage, into a turloch
in a field at Lissatulla, between Labane and Gort.
Pilot Officer Gordon Ayton, of the Canadian Air Force,
was burned beyond recognition, and Flight Lieut. H. W.
Anderson was extensively burned and sustained a broken
wrist.
Guards from Labane and members of the L.D.F. and L.S.F.
from the locality rushed to the scene of the crash and
pulled Flight Lieut. Anderson from the burning machine. They
were unable to reach Pilot. Officer Ayton.
A short time after the machine had crashed all that was
left above the level of the ground was the twisted steelwork
of the engines; the rest of the machine was
completely consumed.
Engine Trouble
The aircraft was on its way from Greenland to Scotland.
and it appears that engine trouble developed over Galway
Bay. It was heard flying over Galway shortly after 10.30
p.m. evidently traveling south. It was heard
soon after over Oranmore, Clarenbridge and Ardrahan.
After the crash two ambulance went out from St. Enda’s
Military Hospital, Galway, in response to a ‘phone call and
took the injured Flight Lieut, and the remains of the dead
Pilot Officer to St. Enda,’s.
The remains of Pilot, Officer Ayton were removed in am
ambulance from St. Enda’s on Saturday morning and brought to
the Border, where they were handed over in the afternoon to
representatives of the Canadian military authorities. The
Irish Army authorities provided a guard of honour at the
Border. An inquest was not considered
necessary.
While outside the realm of Irish
Government censorship, the Belfast Telegraph carried the
following story on 30 Jun 1945:
EIRE ‘PLANE CRASH
R.C.A.F. Officer Burned to Death
A Mosquito aeroplane of the Royal Canadian Air Force
crashed in Co. Galway shortly alter mid night (British time)
on Thursday, and Pilot Officer Gordon Ayton was burned to
death and Flight Lieut. H. W. Anderson severely burned. They
were the only occupants of the aeroplane.
The aeroplane developed engine trouble over Galway Bay,
but managed to fly over Galway city before it fell on
low-lying land.
Firemen and members of the L.D.F. extricated Anderson
from the burning aeroplane but were unable to reach Ayton
whose body was recovered later.
The aeroplane was flying from Greenland to Scotland.
Converted to digital format by Dennis
Burke with addition of information on F/O Anderson,
2018, Dublin and Sligo. A thank you to the late Hayden
Lawford. If you have information on any of the people listed
above, please do contact me at dp_burke@yahoo.com